Wireless networks, crucial for IoT applications, face security threats due to their open communication channels, making traditional cryptographic methods insufficient due to their computational demands and device modification requirements. Physical Layer Authentication (PLA) offers a solution by using inherent physical signal characteristics as unique identifiers, avoiding additional computational burden on transmitting devices.
Radio Frequency Fingerprinting (RFF), leverages unique hardware-induced variations in transmitted signals to identify devices by analyzing features such as phase and frequency variations introduced by components like oscillators and amplifiers.